; Bataille, B. To overcome these limitations, microporation devices that act as therapeutic vehicles for delivering drug molecules across the skin barriers have been developed. Google Scholar. A novel correlation for protein diffusion coefficients based on molecular weight on radius of gyration. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. Just in case anyone wants to use a different molecular weight to estimate the hydrodynamic size: the calculator is integrated into the classic Zeta Jeanes, A.; Haynes, W.C.; C. Wilham, A.; Rankin, J.C; Melvin, E.H.; Austin, M. J.; Cluskey, J. E.; Fisher, B.E. Microneedles and their applications. WebThe micelles produced at pH 4.6 have a spherical shape and their size is dependent on the Maillard reaction: reaction time, molar ratio of casein to dextran, and molecular weight of dextran used. Masuelli, Martin Alberto. One day before the experiment, the skin was stabilized in the skin culture medium. (1990). This low polydispersity realizes that the Mark-Houwink equation is forced at a given Mw regardless of the hyperbranched nature of the dextran molecule. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. For a rigid or rod like polymer molecule that is greatly extended in solution, the Mark-Houwink a constant approaches to a value of 2.0 [48].The hydrodynamic radius (RH), for a sphere ((a/b) = 2.5) is given by the Einstein relation [49]. Epub 2012 May 28. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Formul. Webdextran hydrodynamic radius. ; Rani, K.Y. The mechanism of the dextran-induced red blood cell Aggregation. The 70-kDa FITC dextran reached the jejunum after 15 min and passed the entire small intestine within 1 h after its administration, demonstrating that 4-kDa FITC Figure1 shows a schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. Micropores are produced by the arrangement of microelectrodes on the skin at precise dimensions, then RF energy generated by alternating currents induces ionic vibrations between electrodes with positive or negative charges. Rheology of dextran solutions. Drug Deliv. (1954). If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. II. Google Scholar. This situation is mainly the result of using dextans, solvent, additives, etc. A novel high dextran yielding Weissella cibaria JAG8 for cereal food application. Granath, K. A. Monosaccharide analysis revealed that the polysaccharide comprised only glucose units. Dextran standards with sequence molecular weight from 8.8, 40, 71.9, 110, 200, 580 and 2000 kDa were utilized for the plot of calibration curve. However, when molecules deviate from globular to non-spherical or elongated structures then Rg/Rh tend to values upwards of Recent Pat. Typical examples are the classical size-independent combinations like the Flory parameter, which that combine the intrinsic viscosity, [], and the gyration radius, Rg: These quantities have been proposed along the years, by different eminent scientists, after whom they are named. The particular dextrans which were used initially for conversion into synthetic blood-volume expanders [6, 7], human red blood cells aggregation for increasing the degree of polymerization and hence the molecular weight [8, 9, 10], hydrogels and microspheres [11], in drug transport system and its modifications as nanoparticles [12], in the removal through absorption of contaminant effluents such as heavy metals, organic molecules and inks [13], in the formation of biodegradable films [14, 15]. By studying the molecular weights of various solutions of polymer, Solomon-Ciuta arrived at the formula which allowed the calculation of the intrinsic viscosity of polymer solutions by a single viscosity determination. Hrabchak C, Flynn L, Woodhouse KA. Human skins (Full-thickness human skin) were supplied by HansBiomed. The above data are not useful because it can not be compared with those obtained in this work. 2013, Article ID 360239, pp. Singh TRR, Garland MJ, Cassidy CM, Migalska K, Demir YK, Ryan SAE, Woolfson D, Donnelly RF. Liu Zonghua; Yanpeng Jiao; Yifei Wang; Changren Zhou; Ziyong Zhang (2008). In the future, we plan to investigate the possibility of enhancing the delivery of other macromolecular drugs such as peptides and siRNAs using the RF-based microporation device. eCollection 2015. The Mark-Houwink a constant is close to 0.75 (or higher) for these good solvents. Molecular weight, particle size and diffusion coefficient can be determined in many studies by Dynamic Light Scattering [20, 21, 22], Gel Permeation Chromatography [23], Analytical Ultracentrifuge [24, intrinsic viscosity [1, 7, 14], size exclusion chromatography / multiangle laser light scattering / differential viscometry, Flow Field-Flow Fractionation [25], and so on. To confirm the extent of skin damage and regeneration after microporation, porations were performed 2, 5, and 10 times. J. Braz. Int J Food Sci Nutr. WebThis value is sensible given that i j = 0 and that the search radius of the clustering algorithm is slightly larger than the average segment length of our Dextran model (b 5.5 nm). (2008). Journal of Chemical Education, 49(8), 577-579. Viscosity of aqueous solutions of polysaccharides and hydrophobically modified polysaccharides: Application of Fedors equation. Webwhittier union high school district superintendent. Masuelli, M. A. Bookshelf a Microscopy images of micropore and b quantified data using ImageJ after 0 (immediately), 4, 8, and 24h according to the number of times microproration was done (n=150, *: p<0.05). H&E stained images were analyzed using Image J software. In fact, short chains do contain minor branching points. (2013). For simplicity, macromolecules are treated as rigid molecules for a hydrodynamic study. WebThe invention relates to novel fluorescent dyes with multiple negatively charged groups in their ionized form which are 9-aminoacridines or 1-aminopyrene shaving of one of the fol Webdextran fraction and the final product depend on changes in the hydrodynamic volume of the molecules after substitution. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Epub 2021 Feb 9. Molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and molecular size of a native dextran. European. (2000). Doke SK, Dhawale SC. statement and Journal Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 97, 295-301. Bohdanecky, Miloslav (1996). Lucifer yellow (LY) and FITC-labelled dextran stock solutions were prepared in Ringers-HEPES buffer (150 mM NaCl, 3.4 mM CaCl 2, 1.2 mM MgCl 2, 5.2 mM KCl, 0.5 mM NaHCO 3, 2.8 mM glucose, and 10 mM HEPES) and frozen at 20C. Based on these results a difference of approximately 1015% between the amounts of drugs permeated through the human skin and pig skin models should be considered during human clinical trials. Charge: Anionic. Eng. 1984;17(6):11703. They concluded that a power law behavior seems to be approached only in the small molecular weight region. This universalization of the parameters leads to a higher error ratio in the calculation of the respective molecular weights. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of RF microporation technology in vitro, by evaluating the permeation of fluorescent-conjugated dextran (FITC-dextran) of various molecular weights through the human and pig skin after microporation, using a transdermal diffusion cell system. In the range of working temperatures and molecular weights of dextrans, similar intrinsic viscosity results obtained by other researchers and published here are slight, as shown in tables 1 and 3. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. The dextran used is from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512F which is essentially a linear -(1-6)-linked glucose chain with however a low percentage (2-5%) of -(1-3) branches distributed along the chain4. The [] is connected to the dimensions of the biopolymer molecule isolated in a certain solvent. In a good solvent, a temperature increase results in an intrinsic viscosity decrease and in a less-extended conformation (RH<), because the entropy value increases with an increase in temperature and it is unfavorable for an extended conformation. eCollection 2018 Feb. Molecules. The regeneration process of the skin is regulated by growth factors such as keratinocyte growth factor and fibroblast growth factor, which trigger the proliferation and migration of cells [23, 24]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 79, 380-390. TdB Labs produce a wide range of FITC-derivatives (490 nm/520 nm) with a mean molecular weight ranging from 4 kDa to 2000 kDa. Effect of temperature on the intrinsic viscosity and conformation of chitosan in dilute HCl solution. The fast increasing of these polyglucosans for medical, industrial and research purposes motivated a survey of the types obtainable. Although we didnt conduct assay for inflammation, we could not find any inflammation symptoms such as redness, blisters, cracked, and thickening. The a value is higher than calculated in this work, because these calculations were performed with number average molecular weight (Mn) which rearranges the value of a and forces him to enter into unbranched or linear molecules (a > 0.5), on the other hand, if molecular weights (Mw) ware used to value would be less than 0.5. Calculation of MarkHouwinkSakurada (MHS) equation viscometric constants for chitosan in any solventtemperatura system using experimental reported viscometric constants data. European Polymer Journal, 43, 1744-1753. A sugar cane native dextran as an innovative functional excipient for the development of pharmaceutical tablets. MeSH terms FITC-dextran molecular weights; 4, 10, and 20kDa molecular weight were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Quintanilla-Pineda M, Achou CG, Daz J, Gutirrez-Falcon A, Bravo M, Herrera-Muoz JI, Pea-Navarro N, Alvarado C, Ibaez FC, Marzo F. Foods. In the case of the work performed in references [34, 35, 36] they studied using the number average molecular weight, which rearranges the value of a and forces it to enter into unbranched or linear molecules, on the other hand, if molecular weights are used the value would be less than 0.5. The term f/f0 is sometimes denoted as P, Perrin constant. 2.It can be found from the figure that at the start-up stage of the shaft, the hydrodynamic effect (HE) is weak, so the HP is not enough to support the shaft, which The value of qM-H varies from one sample to another one, because it is a function of a and the average molecular weights (Mv, Mw). Therefore, the trend of "a" and kM-H decreases with T, where the presence of ethylene glycol or dimethylsulfoxide strongly changes the interactions of this solvent with the macromolecule. Learn More. In addition, we evaluated the regeneration of SC after microporation. The (a/b) value is 2.5 which confirms that dextran in aqueous solution is a biopolymer with a spherical conformation for an Mw range from 8.8 to 200kDa, and with tendency to compaction with increasing temperature (RH decreases). WebThomas Gutberlet works at Jlich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-2), Forsch and is well known for Lipoteichoic Acid, Neutron Reflectometry and Neutron Reflectivity. Im Tiefkhlgert (-5 bis -30C) lagern und vor Licht schtzen. Critical parameters for gel permeation Durand, A. 10% neutral buffered formalin was purchased from Hisko (Gunpo, Korea). 2022 Feb 22;16(2):1999-2012. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07010. The increased TEWL values which were proportional to the number of microspores indicate SC disruption and formation of microchannels in the skin. Dextran (DX) is one type of EPS synthesized by LAB in the presence of sucrose (R g), radius of hydrodynamic (R h), polymer conformation parameter ( = R g /R h), intrinsic viscosity ([]), Mark-Houwink coefficient () and branching degree of DXs of RPYs prepared under different conditions. (2013). Although, intrinsic viscosity is a molecular parameter that can be interpreted in terms of molecular conformation, it does not offer as high resolution on molecular structure as other methods such as Light Scattering, Circular Dichroism, Sedimentation Velocity, Sedimentation Equilibrium, Size Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Multi-Angle Laser Light Scattering (SEC-MALLS), High-performance Size Exclusion Chromatography (HPSEC), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), NMR, X-rays, etc. WebFluorescein isothiocyanatedextran average mol wt 60,000-76,000; CAS Number: 60842-46-8; Synonyms: FITCDextran; find Sigma-Aldrich-FD70S MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich A solvent at this temperature is called a theta solvent [53]. FITC-dextran solution was prepared at 1mM in PBS. For a limited temperature range, the viscosity of a polymer solution varies generally following a relation similar to that of usual liquids (rrhenius plot), where the polymer concentration is not very high and that temperature remains far enough from glass transition [38], and for system PEAorganic solvents see reference [63]. There is a formula that used to calculate the radius (in Angstrom) from the molar mass (in g/mol) of dextran, a=0.33*(MM^0.46) where, a and MM are Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. If there are particles in the sample, the incident laser light gets scattered in all directions. For ellipsoids, as studied by Simha, (a/b) is a function of axial ratio. Universal size-independent quantities for the conformational characterization of rigid and flexible macromolecules. Unperturbed dimensions and theta temperature of dextran in aqueous solutions. Kasaai, Mohammad R. (2007). WebThe micelles produced at pH 4.6 have a spherical shape and their size is dependent on the Maillard reaction: reaction time, molar ratio of casein to dextran, and molecular weight of dextran used. Anal. Human cadaver skin has been confirmed as alive skin tissue through analysis of its morphology and enzymes, and its usefulness as an alternative skin membrane in drug permeation experiments has been verified [20]. Actually, everything depends on solvent you want to use and temperature. If you want to know gyration (Rg)or hydrodynamic (Rh) radius, you should In contrast to linear chains, power law behavior is observed only asymptotically at large Mv. Global hydrodynamic analysis of the molecular flexibility of galactomannans. Hi Sir Alexander Malm , Thank you very much! Really appreciate your help! (2003). Dextran. Microporations were performed 2, 5, and 10 times and the skin damage was confirmed using the TEWL measurement. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The lack of data on the uniformity of intrinsic viscosity measurements in the system water/dextran, highlights the significant influence of the solvent and temperature [74]. (2001). where c is the solute concentration (g/cm3), [] is the intrinsic viscosity (cm3/g), and kH represents Huggins constants (cm3/g). However, considering the trauma and unethical practices associated with animal experiments, in vitro studies with human cadaver skin offers an ethical and viable alternative. On single point determination of intrinsic viscosity. In general, Mv is not experimentally accessible, whereas other average molecular weights are accessible. J Cosmet Laser Ther. CAS Epub 2017 Jun 1. Tirtaatmadja, V.; Dunstan, D. E.; Boger, D. V. (2001). Thus, typically, the dextran glomerular for a molecule with a Stokes-Einstein (SE) radius of 30 is approximately sevenfold higher than that of neutral horseradish In this work, hydrodynamic properties are investigated in different dextran aqueous solutions with different molecular weights (8.8-2000kDa), in a temperature range from 20C to 50C. @ Nilimesh See attached. Dextran consists of -D glucose units with a majority of (16) glucosidic linkages between them. The Hydrodynamic Radii of Macromolecules and Their Effect on Red Blood Cell Aggregation. Sintov AC, Krymberk I, Daniel D, Hannan T, Sohn Z, Levin G. Radiofrequency-driven skin microchanneling as a new way for electrically assisted transdermal delivery of hydrophilic drugs. The values of 0 decreases from 2.5429 to 2.3326 x 1023mol-1 demonstrating a relative flexibility of particles. Macromolecules. 2009;6(4):34354. Similar results are obtained in references [35, 36, 37], using a system of dextran / ethylene glycol, and dextran/dimethylsulfoxide, respectively. Keywords: intrinsic viscosity, dextrans, Mark-Houwink parameters, hydrodynamic, temperature, Journal of Polymer and Biopolymer Physics Chemistry, 2013 1 (1),
Radiofrequency ablation of malignant liver tumors. 4K was 10.611.68 and 13.440.18M in human and pig skin, respectively. Structural characterization of a new dextran with a low degree of branching produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides FT045B dextransucrase. Carbohydrate Polymers, 38, 267-271. Hydrodynamic radii were measured using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) in a Malvern Zetasizer NanoZS DLS (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK) at high scattering angle (173) to minimise the effects of dust and supramolecular contamination (NIBS, 173).