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Cholecalciferol is synthesized within the E) cortisol, Where does the chemical reaction between thyroglobulin and iodine take place? E) pituitary gland. C) PTH D) inhibin A) FSH. E) epinephrine. Osteoblasts do not have calcitonin receptors and are therefore not directly affected by calcitonin levels. \text { angioplasty } & \text { commissurotomy } & \text { Holter monitor test } & \text { statins } \\ Calcitonin is a hormone that the C-cells in the thyroid gland produce and release. D) LH. B) GHIH. A) glucagon; insulin Suckling is an important stimulus for release of _______ for the ________ pituitary. B) cGMP. D) LH. C) triggers prostate gland contraction. A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is WebHormones and most of the tissues (mainly glands) that create and release them make up your endocrine system. 1. \text { cardiac enzyme studies } & \text { echocardiography } & \text { PTCA } & \text { thrombolysis } \\ C) insulin A) ACTH. E) tropic, Which of the following substances activates protein kinases and thus acts as a second messenger? In lactating animals given calcitonin, suppression of milk production has been observed. D) extension E) polyuria. Calcitionin and PTH act as antagonist hormones with reguard to levels of serum calcium ions. B) TSH. The zona glomerulosa of the suprarenal cortex produces Cells of the suprarenal cortex produce The link between a first messenger and a second messenger in a cell that responds to peptide hormones is usually D) contains pinealocytes. All of the following are true of steroid hormones, except B) increased retention of sodium ions at the kidney. When a steroid hormone binds to its target cell receptor; it, Turns specific genes of the nuclear DNS on or off, The compound that most often acts as a second messenger, The specific effect of a water-soluble hormone on a target cell depends on the, When a hormone that uses a second messenger binds to a target cell, the next thing that happens is that, Adenylate cyclase is activated by a G protein, Epinephrine, norepinephrine, adrenalin, dopamine. E) GH. D) increased body temperature B) chlorine. D) amino acid derivatives. Calcitonin Salmon Nasal Spray: MedlinePlus Drug Information Compared to salmon calcitonin, human calcitonin differs at 16 residues. A) antidiuretic hormone. In persons with untreated diabetes mellitus, B) glucocorticoids. C) second messenger appears in the cytoplasm. E) epinephrine, Which gland is called the "emergency gland" and helps the body adjust to stress? A) testosterone. Shelly has a hormone-secreting tumor of the suprarenal gland. B) blood level of glucose E) insulin and epinephrine. WebThis blood test measures the level of calcitonin in your blood. A) increased oxygen consumption B) ketoacidosis Having too much T3 in the bloodstream is referred to as thyrotoxicosis. At present, it is produced either by recombinant DNA technology or by chemical peptide synthesis. Sometimes high calcitonin levels can point to a rare type of medullary thyroid cancer. B) glucocorticoids. E) androstenedione. C) growth hormone. D) thyroxine A) aldosterone. E) catecholamines, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids. D) parathyroid hormone. The pituitary hormone that controls the release of glucocorticoids from the suprarenal cortex is In the formation of thyroxin, iodine is added to which amino acid, Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning. E) increases cyclic AMP concentration within thyroid follicle cells, Before the discovery of these glands, thyroid surgery often led to a rapid drop in blood calcium levels, which triggered muscle contractions and cardiac arrhythmias. Calcitonin lowers blood calcium and phosphorus mainly through its inhibition of osteoclasts. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away: runny nose nosebleed sinus pain nose symptoms such as crusts, It opposes the action of the parathyroid hormone, helping to regulate the bloods calcium and phosphate levels. WebExposure of T 47D human breast cancer cells to salmon calcitonin (sCT) resulted in a reduction of binding capacity for [ 125 I]iodo-sCT in washed cells. B) epinephrine and norepinephrine. [37] Alternative splicing of the gene coding for calcitonin produces a distantly related peptide of 37 amino acids, called calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), beta type. A) insulin Parathyroid hormonecomes from four parathyroid glands in the neck, just behind the thyroid. that they D) suprarenal medulla. E) colloid. A) LH. C) FSH. E) All of the answers are correct. D) iodine. D) carries ADH and oxytocin. E) blood. B) mineralocorticoids A) acromegaly. Stimulatory effects of CGRP are mediated by PKA and involve astrocyte activation. If youre experiencing symptoms of either of these conditions or have questions about your risk of getting them, contact your healthcare provider. C) synthesis of enzymes. Omissions? Calcitonin decreases blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclasts, stimulating osteoblasts, Calcium is one of the most important and common minerals in your body. (b) at a frequency of 1000Hz1000 \mathrm{~Hz}1000Hz. Hormones are chemicals that coordinate different functions in your body by carrying messages through your blood to your organs, muscles and other tissues. Calcium ions serve as messengers, often in combination with the intracellular protein. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. is an important part of the endocrine system. A) lipid reserves are mobilized. The thyroid gland releases triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Calcitonin | Side-effects, uses, time to work - Versus Arthritis D) increased urine release. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. zn=(1)n+100i. D) levels of growth hormone decrease. Amine hormones include the following: 10. The suprarenal medulla produces the hormones Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body. E) LH. Calcitriol also prevents calcium loss from your kidneys. A) ATP is consumed. The hormone produced by the pars intermedia of the adenohypophysis during early childhood is C) ACTH. Increased heart rate and force of contraction are effects of __________. 15.8C: Action of Thyroid Hormones - Medicine LibreTexts Calcium is an important mineral mainly found in bone and teeth. A) aldosterone. If you have blood work done that indicates high or low calcitonin levels, you may wish to talk to your doctor about the problem to determine if there is an underlying cause or issue with your thyroid. WebSpecificity. To help diagnose medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) or C-cell hyperplasia. The CALC1 gene belongs to a superfamily of related protein hormone precursors including islet amyloid precursor protein, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and the precursor of adrenomedullin. E) All of the answers are correct. Hormones secreted from the posterior pituitary gland are synthesized by the _______. Hypoglycemia stimulates increased secretion of insulin. In the kidneys the hormone stops the release of calcium through the urine, while also increasing vitamin D production. Calcitonin inhibits (blocks) the activity of osteoclasts, which are cells that break down bone. An increased incidence of pituitary adenomas has been reported in rats given synthetic salmon calcitonin for 1 year. E) are lipids. 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 |, Important Updates + Notice of Vendor Data Event, (https://www.hormone.org/your-health-and-hormones/glands-and-hormones-a-to-z/hormones/calcitonin), (https://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/calcitonin/), (https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/calcitonin-test/), Visitation, mask requirements and COVID-19 information. Calcitonin | Definition, Production, & Function | Britannica This effect is opposite to that of parathyroid hormone. Low blood calcium The stimulus for release of parathyroid hormone is _________. Using the mentioned equation for interpolation, determine the viscosity at 60C60^{\circ} \mathrm{C}60C. The condition known as seasonal affective disorder (SAD) may be caused by When blood glucose levels fall, E) promotes amino acid uptake by cells. Calcitonin - vivo.colostate.edu WebWe evaluated the effect of calcitonin on bone metabolism and mineral density in 25 women with primary biliary cirrhosis and severe osteopenia. a. Extracellular membrane receptors are used by which of the following types of hormones? Compute the impedance of the circuit and draw the phasor diagram The hormone participates in calcium (Ca ) metabolism. E) somatotropins. B) LH. Once in the bloodstream, thyroxine travels to the organs, like the liver and kidneys, where it is converted to its active form of triiodothyronine. E) ACTH levels. If a diabetic patient received too much insulin, the low blood sugar could be corrected by injecting Should I see a thyroid specialist or endocrinologist? B) steroids. Which of the following hormones is/are water soluble and therefore bind(s) to extracellular receptors? E) thymus gland. C) testosterone. When the levels start to increase, the body responds with increased calcitonin levels. E) levels of insulin decrease. Calcitonin also regulates the level of calcium and other mineral levels in the kidneys. To this end, this protein prevents the reabsorption of phosphate by the kidney and increases the kidneys reabsorption of calcium and magnesium, thus leading to increased calcium excretion via the urine. D) calcitriol B) zona fasciculata. C) blood glucose levels fall drastically. WebCalcitonins main job is to lower calcium levels in your blood (not your bones). If you are struggling with symptoms of a thyroid disorder and suspect thyroxine deficiency, it's crucial that you talk with an endocrinologist. A) have hormone receptors. Factors which can influence calcitonin levels include nutrition, age, gender and the presence of certain diseases. High calcitonin levels may indicate an issue with the thyroid gland. If calcitonin levels are elevated it may be an indication of medullary thyroid cancer, the third most common form of thyroid cancer, which begins in the c-cells Your healthcare provider can check your calcitonin levels through a blood test. C) mineralocorticoids A) parasympathetic nervous system The difference is how they do so and how much they affect your calcium levels. D) is produced in the hypothalamus. Calcitonin opposes the actions of the parathyroid hormone, which is a hormone that increases your blood calcium levels. D) produced by pinealocytes B) in rough endoplasmic reticulum In each case, compute the phase angle of the source voltage with respect to the current and state whether the source voltage lags or leads the current. A) antidiuretics [31] It affects almost all of the body's systems, which means proper thyroxine levels are vital for health. A hormone produced by the heart that lowers blood pressure is ____________. E) aldosterone. These hormones play an important role in regulation of your weight, energy levels, internal temperature, skin, hair, nail growth, metabolism andis an important part of the endocrine system. B) increases the level of calcium ions in the blood. A) prolactin; corticotropin 5, Ch. What glands are these and which hormone is lacking? B) decreased mental alertness. D) somatotropin. calcitonin-salmon C) much ACTH. B) peptide hormones E) diabetes insipidis. B) glucagon. D) cell becomes inactive. Thyroxine plays a crucial role in heart and digestive function, metabolism, brain development, bone health, and muscle control. C) in the lumen of the thyroid follicle B) cortisol. C) hyperparathyroidism. E) All of the answers are correct. Proper growth requires which of these hormones? E) parathormone. Symptoms may include tiredness, mental depression, feeling cold, weight gain, dry skin, constipation, and menstrual irregularities. C) parathyroid glands; parathyroid hormone The primary function of ADH is to However, PTH seems to have a more important role in regulating your blood calcium levels than calcitonin. A) exposure to light inhibits production Hormone release may be controlled by which of the following factors? C) insulin Updates? [19] Dr. Copp named the discovered hormone calcitonin because of its role in 'maintaining normal calcium tone'.[18]. Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II by converting enzymes in the Primary A) parathyroid hormone. Calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels by suppressing osteoclast activity in the bones and i View the full answer Transcribed image text: D) increase blood calcium. Calcitonin: What It Is, Function & Side Effects - Cleveland Calcitonin This is why many doctors will test T4 levels along with the more common T3 levels when testing for thyroid disorders. B) ACTH D) insulin. E) vascular. For example, it inhibits the activity of the osteoclasts in bone tissue, thereby preventing the resorption (breakdown) of bone, and inhibits the reabsorption of calcium by the cells of the kidney, resulting in increased calcium excretion in the urine. The normal level of plasma calcium is 9 - 11 mg/dL.About 99% calcium is By preventing the breakdown of bone, calcitonin lessens the amount of calcium in the blood. C) glucose is present in the urine in large amounts. B) parathormone. B) epinephrine A) is a component of the epithalamus. C) renal Which of the following hormones works by direct gene activation? If the adenyl cyclase activity of liver cells were missing, which of these hormones could no longer stimulate release of glucose? In the blood, T4 and T3 are partially bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), transthyretin, and albumin. HELP PRESERVE kidney function* and PROTECT against ESKD, CV death, and hospitalization for heart failure with FARXIGA. Weba) The endocrine system produces immediate, short-lasting effects. D) LH. D) fatty acid metabolism by muscle cells. hormone: Ultimobranchial tissue and calcitonin, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/science/calcitonin-hormone. C) adenyl cyclase. Indications Calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, Pagets disease of bone, and hypercalcemia (elevated calcium levels). National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Calcitonin, the forgotten hormone: does it deserve to be forgotten. C) TSH. WebThis affects weight loss or weight gain and is called the metabolic rate. A) promotes uterine contractions. Our physician referral directory is comprised of over 6,500 members of the Society. In the bones, the hormone triggers the release of calcium stores from the bones to the blood. C) pancreatic hormones Action of Thyroid Hormones in Blood. This complexation is weak, noncovalent and reversible and the drug remains chemically unmodified. C) erythropoietin. A) direct neural stimulation. trouble sleeping. WebNCI's Dictionary of Cancer Terms provides easy-to-understand definitions for words and phrases related to cancer and medicine. E) norepinephrine. A) gonadotrophins. B) excretion of potassium ions by the kidney. C) insulin. For people assigned female at birth: 0 to 5.1 pg/mL. D) inhibin. Cleveland Clinics Endocrinology & Metabolism Institute is committed to providing the highest quality healthcare for patients with diabetes, endocrine and metabolic disorders, and obesity. The main action of antidiuretic hormone is: [6] It belongs to the calcitonin-like protein family. The signs and symptoms of Cushing's syndrom results from hypersecretion of _____ from the ______ _______. Following parenteral administration of 100 IU calcitonin, peak plasma concentration lies between about 200 and 400 pg/ml. [28], The following information is from the UK Electronic Medicines Compendium[29]. D) thyroid glands; levothyroxine A) endocrine The hypophyseal portal system drains. trembling or shaking of the legs, arms, hands or feet. Reduction of fluid losses at the kidneys due to the retention of Na+ is the action of C) cAMP is broken down. Hypothyroidism tends to run in families and more common in adults, as well as women. The C-cells in your thyroid (parafollicular cells) make and secrete calcitonin. 1-4. The referral is updated daily with clinicians who are accepting new patients. E) peptide P. The exocrine portion of the pancreas produces It does this in two main ways: Your thyroid releases calcitonin based on the level of calcium in your blood. A) thymosin E) low blood-glucose concentration, Which of the following hormones stimulates skeletal muscle fibers to take in glucose from the blood? And it work antagonist to PTH hormone. B) 100 - 120 mg/dl WebIn Patients With CKDat Risk of Progression, With or Without T2D. D) ADH The parathyroid glands produce a hormone that All rights reserved. D) glucocorticoids. During the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) there is Cells can respond to ________ hormone(s) at the same time. D) PTH. C) luteinizing hormone. Calcitonin is a hormone secreted by your thyroid. Which of the following organs contain target cells for oxytocin? B) the rate of glycogen formation by the liver. A) alarm When the osteoclasts break down bone tissue, the calcium enters the bloodstream. E) corticosteroids. C) thyroid hormone. WebIn Patients With CKDat Risk of Progression, With or Without T2D. B) cannot diffuse through cell membranes. The body can also produce too little thyroxine, a condition known as hypothyroidism. FARXIGA is the only SGLT2i approved to help delay the worsening of CKD in patients at risk of progression, with and without T2D. Automatically remove your image background. Hypothyroidism tends to run in families and more common in adults, as well as women. Chronic pain conditions have a high socio-economic impact and represent a burden for patients, and their management is a challenge for healthcare professionals. What type of monitoring will I need while on thyroid medication? Calcitonin had no effect on the initial dendrite formation. [13], The calcitonin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor localized to osteoclasts[17] as well kidney and brain cells. The effects of calcitonin counter the effects of parathyroid hormone (parathormone), a substance secreted by the parathyroid glands that acts to increase serum calcium concentrations. C) growth hormone. If my thyroid hormone levels are too high or too low - What are the treatment options? Calcitonin was extracted from the ultimobranchial glands (thyroid-like glands) of fish, particularly salmon. This may be due to autoimmune conditions, such as. Conventional long-term toxicity, reproduction, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity studies have been performed in laboratory animals. Its a part of your endocrine system and controls many of your bodys important functions by producing and releasing (secreting) certain hormones. C) thymosin. D) gating of ion channels. B) cAMP is formed. The heart is known to secrete all of the following hormones, except E) triiodothyronine. E) responds to light and darkness. A) testosterone. Both parathyroid hormone and calcitonin help regulate the level of calcium in your blood, which is necessary for several important bodily functions. A) kidneys. D) gonads. The zona fasciculata of the suprarenal cortex produces Read about our historyand how we continue to serve the endocrine community. Short on time? *By slowing eGFR decline. Thyroxine (T4) is produced by the thyroid gland under regulation from the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. B) parathyroid hormone. E) are in the blood. E) epidermis of the integumentary system. Liver The primary target for glucagon is the ________. B) ductus deferens D) decrease of blood glucose D) high blood levels of TSH. When calcium levels drop, so do calcitonin levels. Type II diabetes is characterized by: In other words, it encourages calcium loss through your kidneys. B) cardiovascular A) hormone receptor complex moves into the cytoplasm. D) sex hormones A) glycosuria E) cortisol, The term used to describe excess production of urine is Cushing disease results from an excess of The hormones that are important for coordinating the immune response are C) G proteins are phosphylated. E) thyroid hormone. (a) at a frequency of 500Hz500 \mathrm{~Hz}500Hz, (Show the details of your work. Moreover, it has been decrease, decreases The ovoid glands partially embedded in the posterior surface of the A) increase of insulin Calcitonin has clinically been used for metabolic bone disorders for more than 50 years. C) aldosterone. The hormone that plays a pivotal role in setting the metabolic rate and thus impacting body temperature is Our email newsletter brings the most important hormone health topics to you. E) angiotensin. E) oxytocin. Calcitonin acts to decrease serum calcium concentrations in several ways. It may be used diagnostically as a tumor marker for medullary thyroid cancer, in which high calcitonin levels may be present and elevated levels after surgery may indicate recurrence. B) oxytocin; mammotropin Hypoglycermia is a stimulus for release of, 16. D) stimulate the formation and secretion of calcitriol at the kidneys. E) synthesis and release, The control of calcitonin excretion is an example of direct ________ regulation. It opposes the action of the parathyroid hormone, helping to regulate the bloods The mechanism of m-opioid receptor (MOR)- TRPV1 crosstalk B) cyclic nucleotides are formed. The hormone plays a role in regulating blood calcium levels, helping the body maintain adequate calcium stores in the bloodstream to protect bone health. CGRP-dependent behavioral changes associate with increased P-ERK levels in ganglion. The two lobes of the pituitary gland together produce how many hormones? A) insulin. B) glucagon is released. Calcitonin is a unique hormone because healthcare providers and scientists dont fully understand its importance. A) epinephrine. C) thyroid gland. Other effects are in preventing postprandial hypercalcemia resulting from absorption of Ca2+. An increase in blood glucose and an anti-inflammatory effect are important effects of _________. WebThis blood test measures the level of calcitonin in your blood. ), zn=(1)n+100iz_n=(-1)^n+100 i E) protein kinases are activated. Hypothyroidism is a condition that occurs if the thyroid gland does not produce enough of the thyroid hormone. A) one C) eicosanoids C) potassium Calcitonin can decrease the amount of calcium that your. Animal studies have shown that calcitonin is primarily metabolised via proteolysis in the kidney following parenteral administration. 6: Anatomy, Structure, and Synthesis of Calcitonin (CT)", "Sect. 270F,30lbf/in2270 \mathrm{~F}, 30\ \mathrm{lbf} / \mathrm{in}^2{ }270F,30lbf/in2, c. 160F,10ft3/lbm160 \mathrm{~F}, 10\ \mathrm{ft}^3 / \mathrm{lbm}160F,10ft3/lbm. D) ATP is produced. The action of thyroid hormone on a target cell involves all these steps except one. The short-half-life of this peptide in serum triggered several attempts to enhance plasma concentrations. E) GH. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. A) alpha cells Endocrine System Study Guide Flashcards | Quizlet C) LH. However, the calcitonin levels do not cause the cancer. All target cells WebNOTES parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and vitamin calcium and phosphate regulation calcium the normal value of calcium is of hypercalcemia of calcium It involves using a needle to draw a blood sample from a vein in your arm. A) much insulin. A) are proteins. E) All of the answers are correct. B) in very young children. A) during pregnancy. B) increased levels of melatonin. A) estrogen These hormones play an important role in regulation of your weight, energy levels, internal temperature, skin, hair, nail growth, metabolism and. C) increase urine output to remove excess fluid B) aldosterone. This can lead to bone destruction. B) decrease blood glucose. E) All of the answers are correct. The stimulus for release of parathyroid hormone is _________. The calcitonin receptor/CT-R is a seven transmembrane domain cell surface protein which is coupled to G protein messenger systems. C) hematuria. Which one? C) blood-glucose concentration D) FSH and PRL. B) parathyroid hormone Convergent? Calcitonin The posterior pituitary gland secretes B) respond to electrical signals. The calcitonin receptor/CT-R is a seven transmembrane domain cell surface protein which is coupled to G protein messenger systems. Secretion of this hormone is controlled directly by the bloods calcium levels. In the past, healthcare providers prescribed synthetic (manufactured) forms of calcitonin as medicine to treat Pagets disease of the bone, hypercalcemia and osteoporosis. However, the clinical relevance of this finding is not known. A) cortisol The primary effect of calcitonin is to _______. E) glucocorticoids, Which of these statements about melatonin is false? C) myxedema. B) increased heart rate Ch 6 Communication, Integration, and Homeosta, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Human Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory Manual, Elaine N. Marieb, Lori A. Smith, Susan J. Mitchell. Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause C) loss of melatonin secretion Cleveland Clinic Some side effects may occur that D) catecholamines. A hormone that promotes gluconeogenesis in the liver is Thyroxine and calcitonin are secreted by the C) cortisol. D) aldosterone E) All of the answers are correct. Still, if you have concerns, talk to an endocrinologistto ensure you are getting support from a hormone specialist. [33] However no further work on this potential application of calcitonin has been reported. The feedback loop signals to the hypothalamus in to release thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which then stimulates the pituitary gland to release the thyroid stimulating hormone. A) TSH. However, having high levels of calcitonin may be a sign of two rare conditions, including: Again, while high levels of calcitonin arent harmful, they can indicate MTC or C-cell hyperplasia. D) just extra fluids. WebThe hormone calcitonin, which is produced by the parafollicular or C cells of the thyroid, has the opposite effect on blood calcium levels as does PTH. Phosphodiesterase enzyme inactivates the following: Insulinlike growth factors are necessary for the full effect of, A hormone that influences an endocrine gland other than its source is called a(n), Hypoglycemia is a stimulus for release of, Suckling is an important stimulus for release of, Hormones from the posterior pituitary are released in response to, Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus stimulate secretion of, ADH from the hypothalamus in response to high osmotic pressure, Increasing the uptake of iodide by the thyroid gland and increasing the growth of the thyroid gland are two functions of, Increasing synthesis of the enzymes that run the active transport pumpNa+/K1 ATPase is the major effect of, Hormones secreted from the posterior pituitary gland are synthesized by the, Promotion of the formation of calcitriol is a major effect of. Try it now. A) synephrine and neosynephrine. WebIntrathecal CGRP promotes sensitization of primary trigeminal nociceptive neurons. Although it gets less attention than thyroid hormones, the parathyroid hormone is still important in the body. For 100 years, the Endocrine Society has been at the forefront of hormone science and public health. In addition to the injectable and nasal spray dosage forms of the salmon calcitonin, noninvasive oral formulations of the peptide are currently under clinical development. B) rickets. People who have had their thyroid gland removed and have undetectable levels of calcitonin have no negative signs or symptoms related to blood calcium levels. E) epinephrine. Increased aggressive and assertive behavior is associated with an increase in which of these hormones? E) prolactin. Steroid hormones C) build up bone. The hormone that dominates during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is Lipid soluble hormones diffuse into target cells, but water- soluble hormones do not. D) is glucose sparing. Calcitonin decreases calcium levels by blocking the breakdown of bone calcium and by preventing your kidneys from reabsorbing calcium. D) acromegaly. Synthetic analogues of calcitonin are of particular interest in the treatment of osteoporosis, a disease characterized by the thinning of bones that arises from increased bone resorption or decreased bone formation.